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三、2009年主要任務(wù)

III. Major Tasks for 2009

今年的政府工作，要以應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展為主線，統(tǒng)籌兼顧，突出重點(diǎn)，全面實(shí)施促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的一攬子計(jì)劃。

This year, our government work will give high priority to dealing with the global financial crisis and promoting steady and rapid economic development. We will take a coordinated approach, stress key areas, and fully implement a package plan to ensure steady and rapid economic development.

大規(guī)模增加政府投資，實(shí)施總額4萬億元的兩年投資計(jì)劃，其中中央政府?dāng)M新增1.18萬億元，實(shí)行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅，擴(kuò)大國內(nèi)需求；大范圍實(shí)施調(diào)整振興產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)劃，提高國民經(jīng)濟(jì)整體競爭力；大力推進(jìn)自主創(chuàng)新，加強(qiáng)科技支撐，增強(qiáng)發(fā)展后勁；大幅度提高社會保障水平，擴(kuò)大城鄉(xiāng)就業(yè)，促進(jìn)社會事業(yè)發(fā)展。

We will dramatically increase government investment by launching a four trillion Yuan two-year investment plan, for which the central government has pledged 1.18 trillion Yuan, and implement a structural tax reduction in order to stimulate domestic demand. We will also implement a massive plan to adjust and reinvigorate industries to raise the overall competitiveness of the economy; vigorously promote independent innovation and provide scientific and technological support to increase the sustaining power of development; and significantly increase social security benefits, expand urban and rural employment and promote development of social programs.

以實(shí)施一攬子計(jì)劃為重點(diǎn)，今年要著力抓好以下七方面工作：

To implement this package plan, we will concentrate our efforts on the following seven areas.

（一）加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展

1. Improving and strengthening macro control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development

要堅(jiān)持靈活審慎的調(diào)控方針，提高宏觀調(diào)控的應(yīng)變能力和實(shí)際效果，盡快扭轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速下滑趨勢，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。

 We need to adhere to a flexible and prudent control policy to make our macro control more responsive to changes and more results-oriented. We will reverse the slowdown in economic growth as soon as possible and maintain steady and rapid economic development.

實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策。一是大幅度增加政府支出，這是擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需最主動(dòng)、最直接、最有效的措施。今年財(cái)政收支緊張的矛盾十分突出。一方面，經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩、減輕企業(yè)和居民稅負(fù)必然會使財(cái)政收入增速下降；另一方面，為刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、改善民生和深化改革，又需要大幅度增加投資和政府支出。

We will implement a proactive fiscal policy. First, we will significantly increase government spending. This is the most active, direct and efficient way we can expand domestic demand. There will be a large discrepancy between government revenues and expenditures this year. On the one hand, a slowdown in economic growth and the reduction of tax burdens on enterprises and individuals will inevitably slow the growth of government revenues. On the other hand, we must significantly increase investment and government expenditures to stimulate economic growth, improve people’s lives and deepen reform.

為彌補(bǔ)財(cái)政減收增支形成的缺口，擬安排中央財(cái)政赤字7500億元，比上年增加5700億元，同時(shí)國務(wù)院同意地方發(fā)行2000億元債券，由財(cái)政部代理發(fā)行，列入省級預(yù)算管理。全國財(cái)政赤字合計(jì)9500億元，占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重在3%以內(nèi)，雖然當(dāng)年赤字增加較多，但由于前幾年連續(xù)減少赤字，發(fā)債空間較大，累計(jì)國債余額占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重20%左右，這是我國綜合國力可以承受的，總體上也是安全的。

To cover the shortfall arising from the decline in government revenues and growth in expenditures, we have set this year’s central government deficit at 750 billion Yuan, 570 billion Yuan more than last year. In addition, the State Council will allow local governments to issue 200 billion Yuan worth of government bonds through the Ministry of Finance, which will go into provincial budgets. These will add up to a 950 billion Yuan deficit, accounting for less than 3% of the GDP. Although the deficit will increase significantly this year, the constant drop in government deficits in previous years provides room to issue more bonds this year, and the ratio of the cumulative balance of outstanding government bonds to GDP, which is around 20%, is within the acceptable range of what our overall national strength can bear and is therefore safe.

二是實(shí)行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅和推進(jìn)稅費(fèi)改革。采取減稅、退稅或抵免稅等多種方式減輕企業(yè)和居民稅負(fù)，促進(jìn)企業(yè)投資和居民消費(fèi)，增強(qiáng)微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)活力。初步測算，今年全面實(shí)施增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型，落實(shí)已出臺的中小企業(yè)、房地產(chǎn)和證券交易相關(guān)稅收優(yōu)惠以及出口退稅等方面政策，加上取消和停征100項(xiàng)行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)，可減輕企業(yè)和居民負(fù)擔(dān)約5000億元。

Second, we will carry out structural tax reduction and promote reform of taxes and fees. We will reduce tax burdens on enterprises and individuals by a variety of means such as tax cuts, rebates and exemptions to encourage enterprise investment and consumer spending and invigorate the micro-economy. Preliminary calculations indicate that the burdens on enterprises and individuals will fall by approximately 500 billion Yuan this year as the result of comprehensively carrying out VAT reform; implementing existing preferential tax policies on small and medium-sized enterprises, the real estate industry and securities transactions and export rebate policies; and rescinding or suspending 100 administrative charges.

三是優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)。繼續(xù)加大對重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域投入，嚴(yán)格控制一般性開支，努力降低行政成本。

Third, we will optimize the structure of government expenditures. We will continue to increase investment in key areas, strictly control regular expenditures, and do everything we can to reduce administrative costs.

實(shí)施適度寬松的貨幣政策。貨幣政策要在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長方面發(fā)揮更加積極的作用。

We will follow a moderately easy monetary policy and give monetary policy a more active role to play in promoting economic growth.

一是改善金融調(diào)控。保證貨幣信貸總量滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展需求，廣義貨幣增長17%左右，新增貸款5萬億元以上。

First, we will improve financial control. We will increase the broad money supply by about 17% and grant over five trillion Yuan in additional loans to ensure that the supply of money and credit meets the requirements of economic development.

二是優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)。加強(qiáng)對信貸投向的監(jiān)測和指導(dǎo)，加大對―三農(nóng)‖、中小企業(yè)等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的金融支持，切實(shí)解決一些企業(yè)融資難問題。嚴(yán)格控制對高耗能、高污染和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)企業(yè)的貸款。

Second, we will improve the credit structure. We will strengthen monitoring and guidance of the flow of credit, increase financial support for weak links such as agriculture, rural areas and farmers as well as small and medium-sized enterprises, and effectively resolve the problem some businesses have in getting financing. We will strictly control lending to industries and enterprises that are energy intensive or highly polluting or have excess production capacity.

三是進(jìn)一步理順貨幣政策傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制，保證資金渠道暢通。充分發(fā)揮各類金融機(jī)構(gòu)的優(yōu)勢和特點(diǎn)，創(chuàng)新和改進(jìn)金融服務(wù)，滿足合理資金需求，形成金融促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的合力。

Third, we will improve the mechanism for transmitting monetary policy and guarantee the smooth flow of funds. We will make full use of the advantages and special features of all kinds of financial institutions, innovate and improve financial services, satisfy reasonable requests for financing, and create a synergy for finance to promote economic development.

四是加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)金融監(jiān)管。各類金融企業(yè)都要加強(qiáng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，增強(qiáng)抵御風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力。處理好金融創(chuàng)新、金融開放與金融監(jiān)管的關(guān)系。加強(qiáng)跨境資本流動(dòng)監(jiān)測和管理，維護(hù)金融穩(wěn)定和安全。

Fourth, we will strengthen and improve financial oversight and supervision. All kinds of financial enterprises need to strengthen risk management and become better able to withstand risks. We will ensure that there is a proper balance between innovation, opening up, and oversight and supervision in the financial sector. We will strengthen monitoring and supervision of cross-border capital flows and maintain financial stability and security.

要加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)、貿(mào)易、土地、投資、就業(yè)政策與財(cái)政、貨幣政策的一致性和協(xié)調(diào)性，形成調(diào)控合力。

We need to make our fiscal and monetary policies more consistent and coordinated with our industrial, trade, land, investment and employment policies to create a control synergy.