a级毛片av无码,久久精品人人爽人人爽,国产r级在线播放,国产在线高清一区二区

This is the VOA Special English Health Report.

International donors have promised more than four billion dollars to the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization. That group, known as the GAVI Alliance, held a pledging conference Monday in London.

GAVI raised 600 million dollars more than its target goal. Britain led the donations with 1.3 billion dollars in new pledges through 2015. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation also promised one billion more over the next five years.

Norway promised more than 670 million dollars. The United States made 450 million dollars in new pledges.

GAVI says a record 50 countries requested money for vaccines during its latest application period.

Last week, the group announced an agreement by vaccine makers to cut prices for developing countries. These lower prices, combined with the money raised this week, could protect an extra 250 million children.

Jeffrey Rowland is a GAVI spokesman.

JEFFREY ROWLAND: "GAVI's goal over the next five years, by 2015, is to immunize millions more children and save an additional four million children's lives, purely by providing basic vaccines against diseases that are basically almost non-existent in rich countries, as well as providing new vaccines against pneumonia, diarrheal diseases and then hopefully HPV and some other vaccine-preventable diseases."

HPV is the human papillomavirus, which can lead to cervical cancer. The disease kills 200,000 women a year, mostly in developing countries. The Merck company has agreed to offer GAVI the HPV vaccine at five dollars a dose. This is two-thirds less than the current price.

Other companies including GlaxoSmithKline and Merck will lower prices for rotavirus vaccines. That virus causes diarrhea that kills about half a million children a year.

JEFFREY ROWLAND: "Almost all children in the world get rotavirus. The thing is that in the United States or in Europe children usually have good access to medical care -- so rehydration, antibiotics, hospitalization. Children in poor countries, on the other hand, usually do not. So, by the time a mother brings her child to a clinic after having diarrhea, that child is near death. And oftentimes the antibiotics and the services are not available to save the child's life."

A rotavirus vaccine in the United States can cost as much as 50 dollars. Under the new plan, this same vaccine could cost about 2.5 dollars in a developing country.

The GAVI Alliance says almost two million children a year die from diseases that vaccines can prevent.

And that's the VOA Special English Health Report. You can read, listen and learn with our programs, and share them with others, at voaspecialenglish.com. I'm Jim Tedder.

pneumonia: a serious illness affecting one or both lungs that makes breathing difficult 肺炎

HPV: human papilloma virus 人類乳突病毒

cervical: connected with the cervix 子宮頸的

Related stories:

Groups seek 4 billion for child vaccines

Stem cells from cord blood may offer way to treat sick children

Kids, germs and day care; a meningitis vaccine for Africa

Defeat malaria, or just control it? New polio vaccine

（來源：VOA 編輯：崔旭燕）