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        日本進(jìn)入智能手機(jī)和“低頭走路”時(shí)代

        Japan enters the era of smartphones and 'dumbwalking'

        中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng) 2014-07-24 16:48

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        日本進(jìn)入智能手機(jī)和“低頭走路”時(shí)代

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        Japan has been a late adopter when it comes to smartphones, but it's catching up quickly - already more than half the population owns one. But Tokyo is a crowded city, and warnings are being issued about the risk of mass collisions among phone-using pedestrians at one busy crossing.

        It's 5pm on a Friday and I'm standing in a coffee shop above Shibuya crossing - one of the most famous intersections in the world.

        It's a place where every two minutes, more than a thousand of Tokyo's smartly dressed commuters and fashion-making teens gather at eight points, ready to cross - then rush straight for each other.

        It looks like they must crash, this sea of people, but they swerve and swing around each other, like dancers pirouetting, and they all get to the other side safely.

        It's awe-inspiring, so much so that at times it leads people - including myself - to say rather trite things about how it's the perfect symbol of Japanese society: the many individuals acting together for the greater good.

        But the reason I'm here, isn't to gawp in amazement, it's in the hope that I'll see people crash.

        I want businessmen ploughing into each other, their umbrellas flying off their arms, and immaculately uniformed schoolchildren tripping up grannies.

        Why may I get to see this now, when I wouldn't have had the chance even a year ago? It's very simple - smartphones.

        Smartphone use is booming in Japan. In 2012, only about a quarter of Japanese used them, most being perfectly happy with their everyday mobiles.

        But people have now realised smartphones are just too useful to ignore, especially because they can be used to read newspapers and manga, the Japanese comics which have gone global, without straining your eyes.

        More than half of all Japanese now own a smartphone and the proportion is rising fast.

        But with that rise has grown another phenomenon - the smartphone walk.

        It's that glacial pace people only adopt when they're staring at a phone screen - their head down, arms outstretched, looking like zombies trying to find human prey.

        Researchers here have found people don't just walk more slowly when they're on smartphones, their field of vision is reduced to 5% of what it should be, and some are worrying what this means for Shibuya.

        Recently the Japanese mobile giant NTT Docomo released a simulationof what would happen there if everyone crossing was doing the smartphone walk.

        There would be more than 400 collisions every time, it said, and most likely just 36% of people would get across. Orderly Japanese society as we know it, would be at an end.

        Surprisingly, the person who seems most annoyed about this phenomenon is an American.

        Michael Cucek is a consultant who has lived here for more than 20 years. In his spare time, he writes a popular political blog called Shisakuthat has recently been littered with posts about what he calls "dumbwalking".

        I met Michael this week in Sugamo, a part of Tokyo popular with pensioners who, understandably enough, all walk incredibly slowly.

        He told me dumbwalking probably wouldn't be a long-term problem.

        Japanese phone etiquette is in fact better than anywhere else in the world - hardly anyone speaks on their phones on trains, and teenagers wouldn't dare broadcast music out of one.

        If things got truly bad at Shibuya, the police would just start patrolling the crossing shouting at people to look up. Until that does happen, though, he's going to carry on ranting.

        But really, is the smartphone walk such an issue? There's only one way to find out. So I leave the coffee shop, head down to the crossing and start typing an email, promising myself I won't look up until I get to the other side.

        I'm soon surrounded by people and only realise the traffic has stopped and it's my time to cross when they start streaming past me.

        As I step forward, the experience quickly becomes unnerving - legs jump in and out of my vision without warning, while shopping bags fly towards my face before being pulled away at the last moment.

        I'm sure I'm going to get hit, but after a few seconds I relax. It's OK. Everyone's reacting for me.

        And then I realise there's two people who aren't. They're directly in front of me and they're not moving out of the way. I try moving left, but they do too. I swerve to the right, but they do too. We're stuck. It's so silly I have to look up.

        I expect to see two dumbwalkers just like me. But instead I find a young couple, very much in love and very much refusing to let go of each other's hands just to get around an inconsiderate idiot on his smartphone.

        The girl gives me a look of such contempt that I quickly apologise and rush round them. That look was enough to ensure I'll never be dumbwalking again.

        查看譯文

        智能機(jī)在日本的使用時(shí)間并不長(zhǎng),但是其蔓延速度之快—已經(jīng)有超過(guò)半數(shù)的日本居民人手一部智能機(jī)。東京是一個(gè)擁擠的城市,已有警告指出在繁雜的人行橫道上,大量的行人邊走邊操控著手機(jī),是十分危險(xiǎn)的行為。

        現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)周五的下午5時(shí),我站在世界聞名的岔口之一的澀谷十字路口上的一個(gè)咖啡店外。

        這個(gè)地方每隔2分鐘,就有超過(guò)千位穿戴整齊的東京上班族和青年弄潮兒們聚集在八個(gè)岔路口,準(zhǔn)備通過(guò)馬路,徑直迎著對(duì)方急速而走。

        看上去這些行人像要撞擊在一起一樣,而實(shí)際上他們像旋轉(zhuǎn)的芭蕾舞者,繞過(guò)彼此,最終安全地到達(dá)對(duì)岸。

        這情景如此令人驚嘆,以致有時(shí)讓人們(包括我在內(nèi))感覺(jué)到一些十分陳舊的理念,即:這景象多么完美的詮釋了日本社會(huì)的理念—為了大眾的福利而行動(dòng)在一起。

        但是我在這的原因,并不是為了留于驚異之中,而是希望可以看見(jiàn)人們撞在一起。

        我想要看見(jiàn)商人們相互沖撞時(shí)他們的傘從手臂中飛出;看見(jiàn)那些純真的、穿著校服的學(xué)生將奶奶絆倒。

        為什么現(xiàn)在我可能看到這番景象而一年之前看不到呢?答案非常簡(jiǎn)單—都是因?yàn)橹悄苁謾C(jī)惹的禍。

        智能機(jī)的使用人數(shù)正在日本暴漲。2012年,只有四分之一的日本人使用智能機(jī),那時(shí)大多數(shù)的人還十分滿(mǎn)足于他們的日常手機(jī)。

        但是人們現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到智能機(jī)的種種不容忽視的優(yōu)勢(shì),尤其是能用來(lái)讀報(bào)和看漫畫(huà),日本漫畫(huà)早已走向全球,漫步到世界各個(gè)角落。

        已經(jīng)有超過(guò)半數(shù)的日本居民人手一部智能機(jī),與此同時(shí)這個(gè)數(shù)量正在快速上漲。

        此上漲還帶來(lái)了另一種現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生,即:由智能機(jī)帶來(lái)的低頭行走一族。

        人們只有在盯著手機(jī)屏幕時(shí)才采用這種冷酷如冰山的步調(diào):低著頭,伸出手臂,像一個(gè)想要獵食人類(lèi)的僵尸一般。

        日本的學(xué)者發(fā)現(xiàn)人們?cè)谕嬷悄軝C(jī)時(shí)不僅僅行走更為緩慢,他們的視角范圍也降到了原本的5%,人們開(kāi)始擔(dān)心這種現(xiàn)象對(duì)澀谷帶來(lái)的后果。

        近期,日本手機(jī)巨頭NTT多科莫公司發(fā)布了一個(gè)模擬實(shí)驗(yàn),展示了如果每個(gè)過(guò)馬路的行人都采用這種“低頭行走”模式所帶來(lái)的后果。

        實(shí)驗(yàn)指出,每一次,過(guò)路的行人會(huì)有400多次的碰撞,而只有36%的人能夠順利通過(guò)馬路。這樣一來(lái),我們所熟知的那個(gè)有序的日本社會(huì)將會(huì)走向終結(jié)。

        然而令人驚奇的是,對(duì)此景象最為惱怒的竟然是美國(guó)人。

        邁克爾·克拉克是一位顧問(wèn),住在日本已有20余年,在閑暇時(shí)間,他寫(xiě)了一個(gè)叫做“四國(guó)”的博客,最近該博客上雜亂地貼滿(mǎn)了他稱(chēng)之為“低頭行走”的內(nèi)容。

        這周,我在巢鴨見(jiàn)到了邁克爾,巢鴨位于東京,以其行走緩慢的退休人員而聞名。

        他告訴我這種“低頭走路”的現(xiàn)象不會(huì)是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的問(wèn)題。

        日本的使用手機(jī)的禮節(jié)實(shí)際上比世界上其他地方要更好,在日本,幾乎很少看到人在火車(chē)上打的電話(huà),年輕人也不敢出于個(gè)人原因而外放音樂(lè)。

        在涉谷,如果低頭行走一族真的非常嚴(yán)重,警察就會(huì)開(kāi)始在十字路口巡邏,呼喊人們抬起頭來(lái)。然而,除非這種情況真的發(fā)生,警察才會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)為大聲咆哮。

        但是,智能機(jī)所引起的行走方式真的會(huì)帶來(lái)問(wèn)題嗎?只有一個(gè)辦法來(lái)回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題(那就是親身實(shí)踐)。所以我離開(kāi)了咖啡店,走向十字路口,開(kāi)始編輯郵件,我告訴自己,直到到達(dá)岸馬路對(duì)岸才能抬起頭。

        我很快被人群包圍,當(dāng)人們從我身邊涌動(dòng)的時(shí)候,我才意識(shí)到車(chē)流已經(jīng)停止,輪到我過(guò)馬路的了。

        隨著我往前移動(dòng),我開(kāi)始變得緊張起來(lái)--人們的腿毫無(wú)征兆在我眼前的躍來(lái)躍去,購(gòu)物袋似乎差點(diǎn)要飛向我的臉上。

        我知道我肯定會(huì)被撞擊,但是不過(guò)一會(huì)我就放松下來(lái)。沒(méi)事,他們都會(huì)對(duì)我有所反應(yīng)。

        同時(shí)我也發(fā)現(xiàn)了,有兩個(gè)人是不會(huì)碰撞到的。這些人恰好在你的前方,同時(shí)也不會(huì)改變路線(xiàn)。我試著往左移動(dòng),他們也左移。我向右移動(dòng),他們也右移。我們被卡住了。我不得不抬起頭來(lái),這樣看上去很傻。

        我期待看到我和一樣的兩個(gè)低頭走路的行人。但取而代之的是我看到一對(duì)年輕的夫婦,他們十分眷戀,十分抗拒僅僅為了繞開(kāi)一個(gè)盯著智能機(jī)的傻子而放開(kāi)彼此的手。

        那個(gè)女孩輕蔑地看了我一眼,我趕忙道歉,匆忙繞過(guò)他們。那種目光讓我十分明確:我以后再也不做“低頭行走”一族了。

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        日本進(jìn)入智能手機(jī)和“低頭走路”時(shí)代 日本進(jìn)入智能手機(jī)和“低頭走路”時(shí)代

        (譯者 Anne1225 編輯 高晴)

         

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