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本月熱門(mén)新聞詞匯有:“一帶一路”高峰合作論壇在北京成功舉辦;我國(guó)首架國(guó)產(chǎn)客機(jī)完成首飛;5月10日被設(shè)立為“中國(guó)品牌日”;共享單車發(fā)展指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)公開(kāi)征求意見(jiàn),要求實(shí)名注冊(cè)和使用;香港與內(nèi)地債券通獲批;北方先受沙塵侵?jǐn)_,后又迎來(lái)臭氧污染;一成應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生選擇慢就業(yè)。
“一帶一路”國(guó)際合作高峰論壇 Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation
The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, which takes the theme "strengthening international cooperation and co-building the 'Belt and Road' for win-win development," will be held from May 14 to 15 in Beijing. President Xi Jinping will attend the opening ceremony and host a round-table leaders' summit.
“一帶一路”國(guó)際合作高峰論壇將于5月14日至15日在北京舉行,論壇的主題為“加強(qiáng)國(guó)際合作,共建‘一帶一路’,實(shí)現(xiàn)共贏發(fā)展”。習(xí)近平主席將出席論壇開(kāi)幕式并主持領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人圓桌峰會(huì)。
“一帶一路”(the Belt and Road)指“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”(the Silk Road Economic Belt)和“21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路”(the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road)。2013年9月和10月,中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平在出訪中亞和東南亞國(guó)家期間,先后提出共建“一帶一路”的重大倡議,得到國(guó)際社會(huì)高度關(guān)注。
“一帶一路”貫穿亞歐非大陸,一頭是活躍的東亞經(jīng)濟(jì)圈(the vibrant East Asia economic circle),一頭是發(fā)達(dá)的歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)圈(developed European economic circle),中間廣大腹地國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?jié)摿薮蟆=z綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶重點(diǎn)暢通中國(guó)經(jīng)中亞、俄羅斯至歐洲(波羅的海);中國(guó)經(jīng)中亞、西亞至波斯灣、地中海;中國(guó)至東南亞、南亞、印度洋。21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路重點(diǎn)方向是從中國(guó)沿海港口過(guò)南海到印度洋,延伸至歐洲;從中國(guó)沿海港口過(guò)南海到南太平洋。
“一帶一路”建設(shè)是沿線各國(guó)開(kāi)放合作的宏大經(jīng)濟(jì)愿景,需各國(guó)攜手努力,朝著互利互惠、共同安全的目標(biāo)(the objectives of mutual benefit and common security)相向而行。努力實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施更加完善(improve the region's infrastructure),安全高效的陸海空通道網(wǎng)絡(luò)基本形成(put in place a secure and efficient network of land, sea and air passages),互聯(lián)互通達(dá)到新水平(lift their connectivity to a higher level);投資貿(mào)易便利化水平進(jìn)一步提升(further enhance trade and investment facilitation),高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自由貿(mào)易區(qū)網(wǎng)絡(luò)基本形成(establish a network of free trade areas that meet high standards),經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系更加緊密(maintain closer economic ties),政治互信更加深入(deepen political trust);人文交流更加廣泛深入(enhance cultural exchanges),不同文明互鑒共榮(encourage different civilizations to learn from each other),各國(guó)人民相知相交、和平友好(promote mutual understanding, peace and friendship among people of all countries)。
本次論壇主要活動(dòng)包括開(kāi)幕式、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人圓桌峰會(huì)和高級(jí)別會(huì)議三部分。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人參加的圓桌峰會(huì)是本次論壇的重點(diǎn),分為兩個(gè)階段,第一階段議題是:“加強(qiáng)政策和發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略對(duì)接,深化伙伴關(guān)系”(better integrate the policies and development strategies of the countries along the Belt and Road, deepen partnership); 第二階段議題是:“推進(jìn)互聯(lián)互通務(wù)實(shí)合作,實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)動(dòng)發(fā)展”(push forward connectivity and practical cooperation and achieve inter-connected development)。圓桌峰會(huì)期間將舉行工作午餐,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將圍繞“促進(jìn)人文交流合作”(enhance people-to-people exchange and cooperation)議題展開(kāi)討論。
論壇總體以“五通”為主線:政策溝通(policy coordination)、設(shè)施聯(lián)通(facilities connectivity)、貿(mào)易暢通(unimpeded trade)、資金融通(financial integration)、民心相通(people-to-people bond)。
中國(guó)品牌日 Chinese Brands Day
China's State Council has approved a "Chinese Brands Day," to be held on May 10 each year starting this year, according to a statement made public Tuesday.
5月2日公開(kāi)的批復(fù)顯示,國(guó)務(wù)院同意自2017年起,將每年5月10日設(shè)立為“中國(guó)品牌日”。
2016年6月20日,國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳發(fā)布《關(guān)于發(fā)揮品牌引領(lǐng)作用推動(dòng)供需結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)的意見(jiàn)》,提出設(shè)立“中國(guó)品牌日”(Chinese Brands Day),大力宣傳知名自主品牌(publicize brands owned independently by Chinese companies),講好中國(guó)品牌故事。
“中國(guó)品牌日”鼓勵(lì)各級(jí)電視臺(tái)、廣播電臺(tái)以及平面、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等媒體,在重要時(shí)段(prime time)、重要版面(front page)安排自主品牌公益宣傳,定期舉辦中國(guó)自主品牌博覽會(huì)(holding expositions for Chinese domestic-owned brands on a regular basis),在重點(diǎn)出入境口岸設(shè)置自主品牌產(chǎn)品展銷廳(setting up exhibition halls for products of domestic-owned brands at major entry and exit ports),在世界重要市場(chǎng)舉辦中國(guó)自主品牌巡展推介會(huì)(hosting promotional tours for domestic-owned brands at major global markets),擴(kuò)大自主品牌的知名度和影響力(expand visibility and influence of domestic-owned brands)。
網(wǎng)絡(luò)百科全書(shū) online encyclopaedia
The third edition of the Chinese Encyclopaedia is due to go online for the first time sometime next year, announced the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
中國(guó)科學(xué)院宣布,《中國(guó)大百科全書(shū)》第三版的網(wǎng)絡(luò)版將在明年首次上線。
Over 20,000 scholars from universities and research institutes across the country will participate in the massive national online encyclopaedia program, including more than 300 academics and 30 members of the CAS, Liu Guohui, associate executive editor-in-chief of the project and director of the Encyclopedia of China Publishing House (ECPH), has told senior scientists.
中國(guó)大百科全書(shū)出版社社長(zhǎng)、《中國(guó)大百科全書(shū)》第三版執(zhí)行副總主編劉國(guó)輝表示,來(lái)自全國(guó)高校和科研機(jī)構(gòu)的2萬(wàn)多名學(xué)者將參與該網(wǎng)絡(luò)版百科全書(shū)的編撰工作,其中包括300余位中科院院士和30多位學(xué)部委員。
《中國(guó)大百科全書(shū)》第三版定位于新型的網(wǎng)絡(luò)百科全書(shū)(online encyclopaedia),是基于信息化技術(shù)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng),進(jìn)行知識(shí)生產(chǎn)、分發(fā)和傳播的國(guó)家大型公共知識(shí)服務(wù)平臺(tái)(a large national platform for public knowledge service based on information technology and the internet that produces, distributes and spreads knowledge),目標(biāo)是編纂一部代表世界最高水平的網(wǎng)絡(luò)化和數(shù)字化的《中國(guó)大百科全書(shū)》(compile an internet-based digital encyclopaedia on-par with the world's best)。
《中國(guó)大百科全書(shū)》第三版執(zhí)行總主編楊牧之在中科院的會(huì)議上對(duì)資深科學(xué)家說(shuō):“《中國(guó)大百科全書(shū)》不是一本書(shū),而是一座文化萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城(The Encyclopaedia of China is not a book, but a Great Wall of culture)。”
《中國(guó)大百科全書(shū)》第三版首期目標(biāo)為 30余萬(wàn)條內(nèi)容,每條約 1000 字(more than 300,000 entries at about 1,000 words each),內(nèi)容涉及103個(gè)學(xué)科,是《大英百科全書(shū)》的兩倍,規(guī)模堪比中文版維基百科。該項(xiàng)目在2011年就已獲中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院的批準(zhǔn)。
參與中國(guó)新百科全書(shū)編纂的歷史學(xué)家黃安年表示,維基百科是需要格外注意的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者,“讀者認(rèn)為它權(quán)威、準(zhǔn)確……但我們擁有世界上規(guī)模最大、最優(yōu)質(zhì)的編纂隊(duì)伍……我們的目標(biāo)不是追趕而是超越(Our goal is not to catch up, but overtake)。”
沙塵暴 sandstorm
Large amounts of dust and sand blowing in on strong winds from Mongolia and the Inner Mongolia autonomous region have swept large areas in the northwest and north since Wednesday, driving air pollution indexes to hazardous levels and lowering visibility.
5月3日以來(lái),來(lái)自蒙古和內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)的強(qiáng)風(fēng)帶著大量沙塵席卷西北和北方大部分地區(qū),致使空氣污染指數(shù)達(dá)到嚴(yán)重級(jí)別,能見(jiàn)度下降。
本次沙塵暴(sandstorm)影響面積占我國(guó)國(guó)土六分之一,多地空氣質(zhì)量爆表(exceed the upper limit of the air quality index),沙塵過(guò)程影響范圍和強(qiáng)度,均創(chuàng)下今年以來(lái)之最。專家表示,造成如此大范圍沙塵天氣的原因——是由于近期北方地區(qū)降水少(less precipitation)、氣溫高(high temperature),以及風(fēng)速大(strong wind)、沙塵輸送強(qiáng)(large-scale transport of dust)等。
PM2.5是指大氣中直徑小于或等于2.5微米的顆粒物(particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter),可直接進(jìn)入人體的肺泡(alveoli of the lungs),也稱為可入肺顆粒物。它的直徑還不到人的頭發(fā)絲粗細(xì)的1/20。雖然PM2.5只是地球大氣成分中含量很少的組分,但它對(duì)空氣質(zhì)量和能見(jiàn)度(air quality and visibility)等有重要的影響。與較粗的大氣顆粒物相比,PM2.5粒徑小,富含大量的有毒、有害物質(zhì)(toxic and hazardous matters)且在大氣中的停留時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、輸送距離遠(yuǎn),因而對(duì)人體健康和大氣環(huán)境質(zhì)量的影響更大。
PM10是可吸入顆粒物(inhalable particulate matter),一般名稱上講可吸入顆粒物指的是PM10,就是說(shuō)這個(gè)空氣中顆粒物的直徑從空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)來(lái)講直徑大小是十個(gè)微米,是能夠吸入呼吸道的,從上呼吸道,通過(guò)聲門(mén)能夠到下呼吸道,所以它叫可吸入顆粒物PM10。
國(guó)產(chǎn)客機(jī) homemade passenger jet
While the much-awaited first homemade passenger jet C919 made its maiden flight Friday, it may take much longer for the newcomer to take off in the aviation market.
雖然備受期待的首架國(guó)產(chǎn)客機(jī)C919于5日完成首飛,但初來(lái)乍到的C919也許需花更多時(shí)間才能在航空市場(chǎng)中立足。
C919大型客機(jī)(large passenger jet/aircraft)由我國(guó)自行研制,具有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)(be self-developed with independent intellectual property rights)。從2007年立項(xiàng)(project setup)到2015年首架客機(jī)總裝下線(roll off final assembly line),再到今天完成首飛(make its maiden flight),共歷時(shí)10年。作為完全按照國(guó)際主流適航和運(yùn)營(yíng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)研制的干線飛機(jī)(trunk-liner),C919受到國(guó)內(nèi)外市場(chǎng)的關(guān)注。截至目前,其制造商中國(guó)商飛公司已收到來(lái)自23家客戶的570個(gè)訂單,其中海外訂單(overseas orders)的數(shù)量約占總數(shù)的10%。
航空業(yè)分析人士林智杰稱:"C919飛機(jī)的首飛意味著中國(guó)在國(guó)產(chǎn)民用飛機(jī)制造業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)重大突破(make a significant breakthrough for China's homemade civil aircraft manufacturing industry),中國(guó)將有機(jī)會(huì)打破波音公司和空中客車集團(tuán)的壟斷(break the monopolies of Boeing and Airbus)。"盡管前景廣闊(despite the promising future),但分析人士認(rèn)為C919不會(huì)很快進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)(the C919's entry to the market won't occur soon),預(yù)計(jì)其投入運(yùn)營(yíng)(go into operation)的時(shí)間在2020年到2022年之間。C919首飛成功只是第一步,要從技術(shù)成功(technical success)走向商業(yè)成功(business success),國(guó)產(chǎn)客機(jī)還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。
全網(wǎng)絡(luò)售票 online-only ticket sale
The Palace Museum in Beijing, also known as the Forbidden City, will expand the sale of online tickets on a trial basis from July to October.
故宮博物院將在今年7月至10月期間試點(diǎn)擴(kuò)大網(wǎng)絡(luò)售票規(guī)模。
After the trial period, the Palace Museum will decide whether to phase out the sale of paper tickets and sell all tickets via the internet.
試點(diǎn)結(jié)束之后,故宮博物院將決定是否取消紙質(zhì)票,實(shí)行全網(wǎng)絡(luò)售票。
故宮博物院的網(wǎng)絡(luò)售票系統(tǒng)(online ticket/booking system)于2011年9月開(kāi)通,不過(guò)一直實(shí)行以預(yù)售(ticket booking in advance)為主的網(wǎng)絡(luò)售票政策。也就是說(shuō),游客在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上購(gòu)買(mǎi)的只能是之后幾天的游覽門(mén)票,如果想當(dāng)天入院,仍需在故宮門(mén)口售票處購(gòu)買(mǎi)紙質(zhì)門(mén)票。
全網(wǎng)絡(luò)售票試點(diǎn)(the trial of online-only ticket sale)開(kāi)始之后,故宮博物院計(jì)劃在不關(guān)閉現(xiàn)場(chǎng)售票窗口的前提下,實(shí)行網(wǎng)售當(dāng)日票(same-day tickets sale online),逐步放開(kāi)網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)售票額限制。同時(shí),擬在淡季(off season)及未達(dá)到8萬(wàn)人限流標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的前提下,開(kāi)放當(dāng)日網(wǎng)上購(gòu)買(mǎi)門(mén)票,引導(dǎo)和鼓勵(lì)觀眾當(dāng)日在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)票參觀。
今后,有線上支付能力但不熟悉網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)票(those who have access to online payment but are not familiar with the online ticket system)和有家人或朋友可以代其完成網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)票的觀眾(those who can get tickets with the help of family or friends),可通過(guò)電子屏幕和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)咨詢引導(dǎo)完成購(gòu)票;對(duì)既不具備線上支付能力、又沒(méi)有家人或朋友能代其購(gòu)票、但是堅(jiān)持要入院參觀的觀眾,可由現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作人員引導(dǎo)至綜合服務(wù)窗口,由服務(wù)人員代為完成購(gòu)票工作,并打印二維碼,掃碼入院。
入學(xué)面談 admission interviews
Two private primary schools in Shanghai were sanctioned Sunday by local education authorities after setting "relaxing" IQ tests for potential students' parents during enrollment.
上海兩所民辦小學(xué)在招生過(guò)程中對(duì)招生對(duì)象的父母進(jìn)行“放松的”智商測(cè)試之后,被當(dāng)?shù)亟逃芾聿块T(mén)處罰。
Shanghai Education Committee posted a notice on Sunday afternoon on Sina Weibo saying that it was acting to "safeguard education equity," and will cut the enrollment quota for the two private schools, Yangpu Primary School and Qingpu World Foreign Language Primary School.
上海市教委7日下午通過(guò)新浪微博表示,此舉是為了“維護(hù)教育公平”,并對(duì)涉事陽(yáng)浦小學(xué)、青浦世界外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校核減下一年度招生計(jì)劃。
根據(jù)上海市教委的統(tǒng)一安排,5月6日至7日,上海市民辦學(xué)校(private schools)集中進(jìn)行2017年度秋季學(xué)期入學(xué)面談(admission interviews)。而自6日起,陸續(xù)有學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn),面談的考察對(duì)象,除了學(xué)生本身外,似乎更偏重于家長(zhǎng)情況。
7日晚,上海市教委回應(yīng)此事稱,兩校的相關(guān)行為,“有違義務(wù)教育法和本市招生政策中強(qiáng)調(diào)的促進(jìn)教育公平和維護(hù)中小學(xué)生教育權(quán)益的基本原則”(violate the compulsory education law and the city's basic principle of promoting fair education and protecting students' education rights),并對(duì)涉事兩校作出在全市教育系統(tǒng)通報(bào)批評(píng),責(zé)成涉事兩校所在區(qū)教育局將此事通報(bào)學(xué)校董事會(huì)并對(duì)相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人追責(zé),此外,要求兩校公開(kāi)致歉(issue a public apology)并核減明年的招生計(jì)劃(cut the enrollment quota for the next year)的處理。
藍(lán)鯨游戲 "Blue Whale" game
A social media challenge called "Blue Whale", goading young people to kill themselves, has spread to China, reports China News. Amid fears the suicide game could quickly proliferate on its platforms, Chinese social media giant Tencent has leaped into action by taking down chat groups it deems suspicious and blocking the search of related key words.
據(jù)國(guó)內(nèi)媒體報(bào)道,一個(gè)名叫“藍(lán)鯨”、煽動(dòng)年輕人自殺的社交媒體挑戰(zhàn)游戲已傳入中國(guó)。因擔(dān)心這款自殺游戲在社交媒體平臺(tái)上廣泛傳播,騰訊公司已經(jīng)率先采取行動(dòng)關(guān)閉可疑聊天群組,并屏蔽相關(guān)關(guān)鍵詞的搜索。
“藍(lán)鯨游戲”("Blue Whale" game)是興起于俄羅斯一社交平臺(tái)上的“死亡”游戲。整個(gè)游戲共歷時(shí)50天,游戲參與者(challengers/players/participants)每天都需完成管理員布置的一項(xiàng)任務(wù)(complete a series of duties given by the administrators),其中包括在早上4點(diǎn)20分起床,觀看恐怖電影(watch horror movies),自殘(self-mutilation)等內(nèi)容。每次完成任務(wù)后,都需提供圖片或視頻證據(jù)。第50天的任務(wù)就是自殺(commit suicide)。
這個(gè)游戲最初是由一名被大學(xué)開(kāi)除的心理學(xué)學(xué)生Philipp Budeikin創(chuàng)建的,他表示,創(chuàng)建這個(gè)游戲的目的是,通過(guò)逼迫那些他認(rèn)為沒(méi)有價(jià)值的人自殺來(lái)“清理”社會(huì)("clean" the society by pushing to suicide to those he deemed as having no value)。
自2015年以來(lái),這個(gè)游戲已經(jīng)通過(guò)社交媒體平臺(tái)傳播到阿根廷、巴西、智利、俄羅斯、葡萄牙、烏拉圭等十多個(gè)國(guó)家,一百多例自殺死亡案件被指與該游戲相關(guān)。法國(guó)、英國(guó)等歐洲國(guó)家也對(duì)該游戲表示嚴(yán)重關(guān)切(show significant concern)。
在巴西,一位設(shè)計(jì)師還專門(mén)發(fā)起了名叫“粉鯨”(pink whale)的活動(dòng)來(lái)對(duì)抗“藍(lán)鯨”。志愿者們加入“粉鯨”群組,在社交媒體上發(fā)起各種珍視生命、對(duì)抗抑郁的正能量活動(dòng)(positive tasks that value life and combat depression)。
騰訊公司通報(bào)稱,“藍(lán)鯨死亡游戲”這類行為已經(jīng)涉嫌組織、教唆他人自殺自殘(organize and instigate others to commit suicide or self-harm),安全團(tuán)隊(duì)已經(jīng)對(duì)涉及該關(guān)鍵詞的QQ群進(jìn)行排查,共對(duì)12個(gè)疑似相關(guān)QQ群進(jìn)行了處理,同步啟動(dòng)了相關(guān)關(guān)鍵詞的搜索屏蔽。網(wǎng)友如看到疑似群組應(yīng)立即報(bào)警或者向所在平臺(tái)舉報(bào)。
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